Brendan H. Hamel-Bissell, Jonathan E. Proesel, et al.
Optics Express
We present the design, fabrication, and measurement results of low-insertion-loss and low-crosstalk broadband 2 × 2 Mach-Zehnder switches for nanosecond-scale optical data routing applications. We propose a simulation framework to calculate the spectral characteristics of switches and use it to design two switches: one based on directional couplers, the other using two-section directional couplers for broader bandwidth. We show that driving the switch in a push-pull manner enables to reduce insertion loss and optical crosstalk at the expense of the optical bandwidth. We achieve a good correlation between simulations and devices fabricated in IBM's 90-nm photonics-enabled CMOS process. We demonstrate a push-pull drive switch with insertion loss of ∼ 1 dB and an optical crosstalk smaller than -23 dB over a 45-nm optical bandwidth in the O-band. We further achieve a transition time of ∼ 4 ns with an average phase shifter consumption of 1 mW and a heater efficiency of ∼25 mWπ.
Brendan H. Hamel-Bissell, Jonathan E. Proesel, et al.
Optics Express
Benjamin G. Lee, Christian Baks, et al.
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 2012
Christian Baks, Renato Rimolo-Donadio, et al.
DesignCon 2013
Alex Forencich, Valerija Kamchevska, et al.
Journal of Lightwave Technology