Douglass S. Kalika, David W. Giles, et al.
Journal of Rheology
We report the observation of a sharp transition in the structure of polypyrrole prepared via diffusion controlled polymerization in a quasi-two dimensional electrochemical cell. As the oxidation potential is increased, the fractal dimension drops sharply from values near 2 (compact structures) to 1 as the growth becomes dendritic. At higher potentials, where the polymerization becomes diffusion limited, a continuum of structures is observed as the dendrites become irregular and the fractal dimension increases to 1.74+-0.01. The mean branch angle was also measured and found to decrease from 90° at the point of dendritic growth, to 45° at high potential. © 1986.
Douglass S. Kalika, David W. Giles, et al.
Journal of Rheology
J.K. Gimzewski, T.A. Jung, et al.
Surface Science
William Hinsberg, Joy Cheng, et al.
SPIE Advanced Lithography 2010
A. Gupta, R. Gross, et al.
SPIE Advances in Semiconductors and Superconductors 1990