Hans-Werner Fink, Heinz Schmid, et al.
Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision
A statistical technique for vector quantizer (VQ) prototype adaptation, based on tied-mixture continuous-parameter HMM's, is derived and evaluated on the basis of experimental evidence. Performance on difficult adaptation tasks indicates that VQ-prototype adaptation via tied-mixture HMM's constitutes a useful mechanism for speaker adaptation, particularly when there are substantial channel differences or when there is a large mismatch between reference and target speaker characteristics. © 1994 IEEE
Hans-Werner Fink, Heinz Schmid, et al.
Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision
Guangnan Ye, Dong Liu, et al.
ICCV 2013
Sudeep Sarkar, Kim L. Boyer
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Eugene H. Ratzlaff
ICDAR 2001