Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
The out-of-plane thermal expansion coefficient α⊥ of biphenyldianhydride-phenylenediamine (BPDA-PDA) polyimide thin film between 20 and 400°C has been measured using a laser spot scanning interferometer. The α⊥ varies from 100 ppm/°C at 20°C to 400 ppm/°C at 400°C. As the result of highly anisotropic microstructure, the α⊥ is much larger than the in-plane thermal expansion coefficient α∥ and increases dramatically when the temperature exceeds the glass transition temperature (≈320°C). © 1993 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.
Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
P.C. Pattnaik, D.M. Newns
Physical Review B
Sang-Min Park, Mark P. Stoykovich, et al.
Advanced Materials
Thomas E. Karis, C. Mark Seymour, et al.
Rheologica Acta