Reasoning about Noisy Sensors in the Situation Calculus
Fahiem Bacchus, Joseph Y. Halpern, et al.
IJCAI 1995
A pitch-synchronous (PS) auditory feature extraction method based on ZCPA (Zero-Crossings Peak-Amplitudes) was proposed previously and showed more robustness over a conventional ZCPA and MFCC based features. In this paper, firstly, a non-linear adaptive threshold adjustment procedure is introduced into the PS-ZCPA method to get optimal results in noisy conditions with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Next, auditory masking, a well-known auditory perception, and modulation enhancement that simulates a strong relationship between modulation spectrums and intelligibility of speech are embedded into the PS-ZCPA method. Finally, a Wiener filter based noise reduction procedure is integrated into the method to make it more noise-robust, and the performance is evaluated against ETSI ES202 (WI008), which is a standard front-end for distributed speech recognition. All the experiments were carried out on Aurora-2J database. The experimental results demonstrated improved performance of the PS-ZCPA method by embedding auditory masking into it, and a slightly improved performance by using modulation enhancement. The PS-ZCPA method with Wiener filter based noise reduction also showed better performance than ETSI ES202 (WI008). Copyright © 2006 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.
Fahiem Bacchus, Joseph Y. Halpern, et al.
IJCAI 1995
S. Winograd
Journal of the ACM
Leonid Karlinsky, Joseph Shtok, et al.
CVPR 2019
Ira Pohl
Artificial Intelligence