Charge transfer in photovoltaics consisting of interpenetrating networks of conjugated polymer and TiO₂ nanoparticles

Charge transfer processes in conjugated polymer photovoltaics affected by blended and layered titanium dioxide (TiO2) were investigated. Results showed that regardless of the cathode work function, a magnitude increase in photoconductivity and sharp saturation can be observed in layered versus blended structures. When a TiO2 nanoparticle layer is self-assembled onto an indium-tin-oxide electrode, low dark currents and open circuit voltages of 0.7 V can be observed.